April 14, 1865, Abraham Lincoln’s last day alive, was a busy one. Included was a visit to the ironclad USS Montauk. Days later his assassins would be held on the same ship.
The day started with a welcome visit. Captain Robert Lincoln, the president’s son, returned to the city in time to join Lincoln for breakfast. With him he brought first-hand witness to the recent surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia. Many formal interviews later (including with former New Hampshire John P. Hale, whose daughter Lucy was later found to be secretly engaged to John Wilkes Booth), Lincoln held a cabinet meeting in which he related a recurring dream of a ship “moving with great rapidity toward a dark and indefinite shore.”
Perhaps inspired by the dream or simply his interest in technology, Lincoln and Mary went out for a drive and find their way to the Washington Navy Yard. Lincoln had frequented the Navy Yard to talk strategy with John A. Dahlgren, who by that time had risen to the rank of Admiral. But Lincoln was here today to see three ironclad ships. Recently damaged in action at Fort Fisher, North Carolina, they included the Passaic-class monitor, the USS Montauk. After touring the vessels and talking with Navy Yard staff, the Lincoln’s returned to the White House and shortly thereafter set out again for what they had hoped would be a relaxing night at the theater. Our American Cousin, a comedy, should lift their spirits as this long grueling Civil War appeared to be coming to an end.
A few hours later, Lincoln would be lying in a pool of his guest Major Rathbone’s blood. The next morning he would be dead.
Days later the ironclad Montauk would be the temporary prison for six of the accused assassin’s co-conspirators. All but Doctor Samuel Mudd and Mary Surratt were kept on board before being transferred to the Old Arsenal Penitentiary for trial. That wasn’t the end of the Montauk‘s role. His assassin, John Wilkes Booth, passed over the Navy Bridge on his escape out of Washington, but twelve days later the body of Booth was brought back to the Navy Yard and onto the deck of the Montauk for examination and autopsy.
The Montauk was decommissioned shortly thereafter and stored in Philadelphia until sold for scrap iron in 1904.
There is some irony that the last ironclad Lincoln had visited became a bier for his assassin and a jail for the co-conspirators. When he related his ship dream to his cabinet the morning of his assassination, he said its earlier occurrences had presaged Union victories. When General Grant pointed out that at least one of the battles Lincoln listed was certainly not a victory, Lincoln noted that he still felt it an omen of something important to occur. His long days on Earth would come to an end.
I discuss this deeper in Lincoln: The Fire of Genius, now available for pre-order.
[Photo source: Wikimedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Montauk_(1862)#/media/File:Uss_Montauk_1862.jpg]
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David J. Kent is President of the Lincoln Group of DC and the author of Lincoln: The Man Who Saved America. His previous books include Tesla: The Wizard of Electricity and Edison: The Inventor of the Modern World and two specialty e-books: Nikola Tesla: Renewable Energy Ahead of Its Time and Abraham Lincoln and Nikola Tesla: Connected by Fate.
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Interesting… I had just recently been reading about “Ezo Republic” and the naval Battle of Hakodate Bay in May 1869. The Imperial Japanese Navy employed the ironclad, “Kōtetsu”, which was originally the Confederate, “Stonewall”. It was considered among the most fearsome ships in any navy of the time, but merely sold-off to the Japanese by the US government at the end of the Civil War for much-needed capital, War… or peace, can certainly change the “value”, if not the function of a commodity.
It is interesting, especially since the ship was originally called the Sphynx when it was built by a French firm for the Confederate navy. Before it was sent the French government nixed the deal and it was sold to Denmark and renamed the Saerkodder (strong otter). It turned out to have problems so the Danes refused to pay and through some sneaky deals and a few side trips it finally was sold to the Confederacy and got it’s “Stonewall” name (not to be confused with a different Confederate ironclad called the “Stonewall Jackson.” But that wasn’t the end of it. It managed to finally get as far as Cuba after bouncing around Europe, but by then the Civil War was over. So they sold it to Cuba, who eventually sold and delivered it to the Union Navy, where it parked for a few years before being sold to Japan. [Apparently there were more issues getting it to Japan]
Found most of this here in case you want to read: https://www.militaryfactory.com/ships/detail.asp?ship_id=Sphynx-Staerkodder-Stonewall-Kotetsu-Ironclad
Thank you for the link. The samurai defending Ezo lost a significant portion of their number in the attack on the Kōtetsu that was mentioned in the article, greatly hastening their demise. I didn’t realize that the ship had such a questionably circuitous route to Japan, though I did know that it had very nearly been sold to the opposing Tokugawa Shogunate. Sounds suspiciously as though there was much war profiteering going on.
Most assuredly war profiteering. I suppose after spending all the money building, it would have been a waste not to put it into action somewhere.
Thanks for this article, I didn’t know half of that and haven’t seen those pictures.
You’re welcome.