Month: September 2021

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Lincoln Draws on His Account at the Illinois Central Railroad

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Lincoln railroad comicOn June 23, 1854, Abraham Lincoln draws on his account at the Illinois Central Railroad. The ICRR had been a repeat source of work for the Lincoln, who had been focusing on his legal career after being relegated to the sidelines politically. He would not be in an elected position for eleven years. He did a variety of work for several railroads, but the ICRR by far was the most prolific and profitable. Still, he wasn’t making much money per case.

In this particular letter, Lincoln writes the ICRR attorney Mason Brayman in Chicago to indicate that he is collecting payment for a slew of small cases done for the railroad. He writes:

M. Brayman, Esq Bloomington
Dear Sir: Sept. 23, 1854

This is the last day of court here, and being about to leave, I have drawn on the I.C. R R Co or rather on you on their account, for $100, which the McLean County Bank have negociated for me. I have directed them to have the draft presented to you. Will you please see that it shall be honored?

The reason I have taken this liberty is, that since last fall, by your request I have declined all new business against the road, and out of which I suppose I could have realized several hundred dollars; have attended, both at DeWitt and here to a great variety of little business for the Co, most of which, however, remains unfinished, and have received nothing. I wish now to be charged with this sum, to be taken into account on settlement. Truly Yours &c A. LINCOLN

P.S. The draft is in favor of Mr. Pardee, who is Cashier of the Bank.

The other key element of the above letter is that he gave up opportunities to make money from individuals suing the ICRR. There were other cases in which Lincoln did work against the railroad, but these were outside of the retainer agreement.

And then there was the time that Lincoln sued the ICRR railroad directly for the sum of $5000. [Click on the link for that story]

Overall, railroad cases made up only four percent of Lincoln’s caseload overall, about 160 cases, but they were some of the most lucrative of his career. He tried cases for or against fourteen separate railroad companies, with some railroad names changing as lines merged or were replaced. Some of these cases set important precedents, both for railroad rights and worker rights. He would also be instrumental in the final determination of the transcontinental railroad route.

I look more at Lincoln’s work for, and against, the railroads in my forthcoming book, due out in 2022.

David J. Kent is an avid science traveler and the author of Lincoln: The Man Who Saved America, in Barnes and Noble stores now. His previous books include Tesla: The Wizard of Electricity and Edison: The Inventor of the Modern World and two specialty e-books: Nikola Tesla: Renewable Energy Ahead of Its Time and Abraham Lincoln and Nikola Tesla: Connected by Fate.

Check out my Goodreads author page. While you’re at it, “Like” my Facebook author page for more updates!

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Lincoln Group of DC – COVID News

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Lincoln Group of DCBack in mid-July, I was happy to report that the Lincoln Group of DC was going back to live, in-person, programming. What a difference a couple of months makes. As readers will already have seen, our October meeting with Ron White, originally planned as a big in-person luncheon shindig complete with special surprises, is not going to happen. Ron has rightfully reconsidered his travel to the east coast because of the pandemic. Instead, Ron will give us a virtual presentation on October 19th.

While we expected the COVID pandemic to have weakened as people received the free and easy to obtain vaccines, the reality is that too many people remain unvaccinated. Because of that, COVID cases have again increased.

This fact has led the Lincoln Group Board to reevaluate our plans. As of now, the Lincoln Group will continue with virtual, Zoom-based lecture meetings for the rest of this year [See details below]. We are scheduled for our annual joint, in-person, meeting with the Civil War Roundtable of the District of Columbia (CWRTDC) in February 2022. That is now expected to be our first in-person meeting. If pandemic conditions allow, we will continue with in-person meetings after that time.

The situation remains fluid, so we appreciate your patience. Please keep checking back to our Lincolnian.org website for updates.

The switch to Zoom-based virtual meetings does have its advantages. There are two huge benefits of going virtual:

  • We could reach our members now spread across the United States

  • We could attract stellar speakers previously unavailable to us because of the costs of distance or scheduling limitations

But we also miss our live social interactions. As we move forward, we plan to continue with a schedule of both virtual and in-person meetings. Both take time and finances to undertake, and donations and volunteers are always welcome. Your support is critical to the continuing, and expanding, role of the Lincoln Group of DC (including plans for a Lincoln Memorial Centennial event in May 2022). [There’s a “Donate” button on the top right of this page. Any amount is appreciated. Feel free to make it a continuing donation.]

So as of now, here is our expected schedule of events. Put them on your calendar!

September 21: James Oakes on The Crooked Path to Abolition [Zoom – RSVP here]

September 25: Our Annual Tour and Picnic Returns! See this post for details!

October 19: Ron White on Lincoln in Private [Zoom – RSVP here]

November 14-19: We’ll see you at the Lincoln Forum in Gettysburg!

December 7: Was Lincoln Audacious, or Cautious? A special Zoom event where the Lincoln Group will debate Lincoln’s modus operandi.

January 2022: To be determined [Zoom]

February 2022: Joint meeting with the CWRTDC featuring Allen Guelzo and Michael Burlingame! [Expected to be In-Person]

March 2022: Abraham Lincoln Institute Symposium at Ford’s Theatre [In-Person]

April 2022: To be determined [In-Person, Maggiano’s]

May 2022: Lincoln Memorial Centennial commemoration with the National Park Service on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial

September 2022: Book Launch Party!

We hope to add some additional special events, so keep checking back here!

David Kent is the author of Lincoln: The Man Who Saved America (Fall River Press: New York, 2017) and is the president of the Lincoln Group of the District of Columbia (ed).

[Originally published on Lincolnian.org]

David J. Kent is an avid science traveler and the author of Lincoln: The Man Who Saved America, in Barnes and Noble stores now. His previous books include Tesla: The Wizard of Electricity and Edison: The Inventor of the Modern World and two specialty e-books: Nikola Tesla: Renewable Energy Ahead of Its Time and Abraham Lincoln and Nikola Tesla: Connected by Fate.

Check out my Goodreads author page. While you’re at it, “Like” my Facebook author page for more updates!

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Abraham Lincoln On Malpractice and Chicken Bones

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Lloyd Ostenforf drawingOn September 10, 1856, Abraham Lincoln wrote an affidavit in a medical malpractice case that involved chicken bones. It was the first medical malpractice case in McLean County.

A small number, less than one percent, of Lincoln’s cases required management of medical expert witnesses. He participated in at least thirty-nine medical-related cases, plus many of his forty-four murder cases needed such expertise. In this case, Lincoln creatively used chicken bones. Samuel Fleming suffered two broken legs when the chimney of a house fell on him during a raging fire in Bloomington, Illinois. Physicians Thomas Rogers and Eli Crothers set the severely damaged bones, saving both legs against the odds. Unfortunately, the right leg healed crooked and slightly shorter than the left. Rogers and Crothers agreed to reset the crooked right leg but Fleming stopped them midway complaining of unendurable pain. He then sued the doctors for malpractice. Defending the doctors, Lincoln demonstrated the difference in pliability between young and old bones using chicken bones. He argued that the doctors could have used the normal remedy for such damage by amputating both legs, but Fleming insisted on saving them.

As with so many cases, this one eventually resulted in a settlement, but Lincoln showed that he understood basic medical principles and could be creative in communicating them to a jury.

On this date in 1863, Lincoln was also involved in a medical case of a sort. He sent Dr. John Gray to Norfolk, Virginia to examine and collect evidence on the sanity or insanity of Dr. David Wright. Wright was a Unionist who stayed in Norfolk when the war started, but one day in June he encountered a column of U.S. Colored Troops (USCT) led by a white officer, Lt. Alanson Sanborn. Angry over the presence of black troops, Wright began yelling at them to leave. Sanborn ordered Wright to leave, but instead, Wright pulled his pistol and shot Sanborn, killing him. Wright pleaded temporary insanity (which had worked for Congressman Dan Sickles). Lincoln asked Gray to determine the case. Wright was found sane, convicted by a military commission, and hanged.

Without prejudice or malpractice.

[Adapted from my forthcoming Lincoln book, due out in 2022]

[Graphic is a Lloyd Ostendorf print]

David J. Kent is an avid science traveler and the author of Lincoln: The Man Who Saved America, in Barnes and Noble stores now. His previous books include Tesla: The Wizard of Electricity and Edison: The Inventor of the Modern World and two specialty e-books: Nikola Tesla: Renewable Energy Ahead of Its Time and Abraham Lincoln and Nikola Tesla: Connected by Fate.

Check out my Goodreads author page. While you’re at it, “Like” my Facebook author page for more updates!

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Lincoln and the Lost Townships Rebecca Letters…or Not

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Rebecca letter snippetI see you printed that long letter I sent you a spell ago—I’m quite encouraged by it, and can’t keep from writing again.

So begins the second letter of a series that has come to be known as the Lost Townships or the “Rebecca” letters since they were signed off on by that name. Lincoln wrote the second “Rebecca” letter, published in the Sangamo Journal on September 2, 1842. Eventually these letters would lead Lincoln into a duel with James Shields. But did he really write them?

He clearly wrote this second letter. He effectively admitted it as such during the ensuing imbroglio. But the first of the “Rebecca” letters was published in the Journal on August 19, 1842. Despite Lincoln’s letter taking credit for it, he almost certainly didn’t write the first letter. Most likely it was written by the same person who wrote an earlier series of letters from “Lost Townships,” which were printed in the Journal on February 10, May 5, May 26, and September 15, 1838, a full four years previously. There is no reliable evidence that Lincoln had anything to do with the earlier series of letters. Lincoln claims only to have written the second letter quoted above.

The letters didn’t stop there, however, and this is where it gets dicey. A week after Lincoln’s letter, on September 9, 1842, two more letters signed by “Rebecca” appeared in the Journal. The first, dated August 29, was fairly mild, but the second, dated September 8, was a more offensive personal attack on James Shields, the Illinois State Auditor, who was caught up in a controversy over acceptance of the State Bank bills for tax payments. This latter letter was written by Mary Todd and her friend Julia Jayne.

Keep in mind that Lincoln and Mary Todd had previously been engaged, only to have their engagement suddenly end in January 1841 when, presumably, Lincoln got cold feet. They had secretly begun courting again some time in 1842 and would suddenly be married on November 4th, shortly after the letters appeared in print.

This last letter, along with a piece of doggerel signed “Cathleen,” which was printed in the Journal on September 16th, likely was the catalyst for James Shields’ fury. He rushed to the Journal‘s editor, Simeon Francis, and demanded to know who wrote the letters. In an act of chivalry, or something, Lincoln allowed Francis to tell Shields it was Lincoln, even though Lincoln had only written one of them, and certainly not the most offensive one.

The letters had caused quite an uproar in Springfield, whose populace in the still-small town capital relied on any spicy news for entertainment. Feeling ridiculed, with his vanity assailed, Shields challenged Lincoln to a duel. Dueling was illegal in Illinois, so it eventually was scheduled to be held on Bloody Island, a sort of no-mans-land in the middle of the Mississippi River.

Needless to say, both Lincoln and Shields survived the incident. Shields went on to serve as Senator for three different states (the only person to do so), and Lincoln went on to save the Union and end slavery.

But that’s only half the story. For the rest, you’ll have to wait just a little longer.

David J. Kent is an avid science traveler and the author of Lincoln: The Man Who Saved America, in Barnes and Noble stores now. His previous books include Tesla: The Wizard of Electricity and Edison: The Inventor of the Modern World and two specialty e-books: Nikola Tesla: Renewable Energy Ahead of Its Time and Abraham Lincoln and Nikola Tesla: Connected by Fate.

Check out my Goodreads author page. While you’re at it, “Like” my Facebook author page for more updates!